MIGRATION SITUATION AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRANTS IN THE NORTHWESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT

Abstract

It is necessary to take into account many factors while creating a migration politics; one should understand the specifics of the territories involved in migration exchange, and study the migrants themselves. The Northwestern Federal District includes eleven regions and each is absolutely unique. The article presents the results of the migration situation analysis of the NWFD and in its regions: the migration growth and the number of departures per 1000 arrivals were considered. The regions can be divided into two groups: regions where there is a decrease in migration (Vologda, Arkhangelsk, Murmansk regions) and regions where is an increase in migration (Saint-Petersburg, NAO, Pskov, Novgorod, Kaliningrad, Leningrad regions). For a better understanding of the migration situation in the regions of the NWFD, we analyzed data on the number of departures per 1000 arrivals. As a result, the regions of the NWFD were divided into three groups: regions where the number of departures is less than the number of arrivals (Leningrad, Kaliningrad, Novgorod, Pskov regions, NAO and St. Petersburg); regions where the number of departures is greater than the number of arrivals (Vologda, Murmansk regions and the Komi Republic); regions where the number of departures is equal to the number of arrivals (the Republic of Karelia and the Arkhangelsk region (without the NAO)). An attempt was also made to compile a socio-demographic portrait of a migrant from the NWFD. We took into account the gender, age and educational characteristics of migrants. The most dynamically moving groups of the population, both among incoming and outgoing migrants, are people of working age, women with higher education. The analysis showed that, in general, the NWFD is attractive for migrants, but this statement could not be used for all regions. Delving into the specifics of the regions, it becomes clear that not all subjects of the district are attractive, and these regions attract migrants with different socio-demographic characteristics.