TRENDS AND CHANGES IN EMPLOYMENT OF THE POPULATION OF THE UDMURT REPUBLIC

Abstract

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of employment of the population of the Udmurt Republic as a subject that does not occupy the highest position in the rating of regions of the Russian Federation in terms of labor market dynamics. The article reveals the problems of the labor market of the Russian Federation, as well as their impact on labor productivity. The main attention in the work is focused on the characteristics of the labor force, trends and changes in employment. Based on the study of the structure and dynamics of the average headcount of employees of organizations of the Udmurt Republic, its decrease was established, practically, for all types of economic activity. A decrease in the share of the number of employees of organizations in the total indicator of employment was also determined. The article found that the main factors influencing employment of the population in the current period are: the total population of the Udmurt Republic, including working age; demographic situation (birth and mortality); the coronavirus pandemic that began in 2019; interregional and international migration; changes in the composition of jobs; informal employment; the level of well-being of residents of the region (the size and dynamics of the average monthly salary). The study of these factors leads the authors to the conclusion that there is an imbalance in the labor market of the Udmurt Republic, namely, the prevalence of demand for labor over its supply. And this situation requires active and systematic implementation of a number of measures to regulate employment of the population. At the end of the article, possible options are given, such as the reproduction of skilled workers and specialists through the improvement of educational technologies, the flexibility of the labor market, the reduction of precarization, and the adjustment of the activities of employment services.