Military and administrative vocabulary of the middle of the XVIII century (based on the material of the perm written record)

Abstract

The article examines the military and administrative vocabulary of the middle of the XVIII century written record «Столп приходной денежной казны Пыскорской заводской канторы 1741 году» (Collection of Pyskor factory office documents on cash receipts in 1741). The article analyzes the common features of this terminological system with the terminological system of mining vocabulary: a large number of Germanisms in the lexical and word-formation fields. Conclusions are drawn regarding the extralinguistic reasons for their similarity. The sources and time of the emergence of lexical groups of the terminological system of military and administrative vocabulary are analyzed, the correlation of sources of different origins - Western European and Eastern - in dynamics, as well as close mutual influence, in particular, the displacement of some military terms (such as воевода, сотник) into the sphere of civil administration, as well as the extralinguistic reasons for such displacement, the main of which is greater stability and tradition of the civilian management system in comparison with the modernizing military sphere. In addition, the peculiarities of the functioning of the vocabulary of these groups in the considered written records, lexical and syntactic distribution (for example, inverse syntactic constructions such as «артилерiи от господина Генерала Порутчика Геннина», «Соли Камской ис канцелярии воеводского правления»), features of the derivative system (parallel prefix such as подполковник, подканцелярист as a productive word-formation method) are revealed. Especially extralinguistic factors that cause a change in lexical composition, structural models of terminology formation, and the subsequent fate of these lexemes analyzed. Conclusions are drawn about the general and specific features of the military and administrative terminology systems that exist in this period. In addition, modern lexicographic concepts regarding individual lexemes, such as the повытчик, судящий etc., are being clarified.