THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY IN THE ECONOMIC SECURITY SYSTEM OF THE UDMURT REPUBLIC

Abstract

In the article, the authors substantiate the importance of ensuring the environmental safety of the region in the context of modern economic dynamics, characterized by a high degree of anthropogenic stress on the environment and the consumption of natural resources. The authors conclude that environmental degradation directly leads to economic losses. The assessment and analysis of environmental safety were carried out using the example of the Udmurt Republic, whose economy is characterized by a high proportion of manufacturing industries and developed oil production. The assessment of the environmental safety of the Udmurt Republic based on the methodology of N.A. Zatsarnaya allowed us to conclude that the state of environmental safety of the Udmurt Republic has improved over the analyzed period. In order to identify patterns and features of environmental safety in the Udmurt Republic, a comparative analysis of the level of environmental safety with other regions of the Volga Federal District (Republic of Tatarstan, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Saratov Region, Mari El) was carried out. To do this, the authors used the methodology of E.B. Golovanov, L.M. Mikhalina and K.V. Ekimova, based on the calculation of an integral indicator of environmental load across four subsystems: air, land, water and ecological-economic. It is concluded that the Udmurt Republic occupies stable middle positions in the air, land and water subsystems, but is an outsider in the ecological and economic subsystem, which indicates the need to increase investments in environmental protection. The information base of the study was made up of official statistics from Rosstat (collections “Regions of Russia. Socio-economic indicators”, “Basic environmental protection indicators”, as well as data from the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System (EMISS)). The time period of the study covers the years 2021-2024.