TASKS AND PRINCIPLES OF REGULATION OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR AS A BASIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES

Abstract

The article proposes a methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of regulating the economic behavior of the population based on integral indicators of human resources potential (Kп) and economic activity (Kэа), which are based on the method of normalization by reference values, and aggregation is performed using the geometric mean based on statistical data from the regions of the Ural Federal District for 2018-2022, and a comparison is presented with the average Russian dynamics. Based on the results of the calculations, it was found that the all-Russian human resources potential decreased during the study period, demonstrating a high sensitivity to the multidirectional dynamics of indicators of life expectancy, population size, and labor productivity. The integral indicator of economic activity increased, but remains in the average range due to the simultaneous achievement of peaks in employment and the share of population consumption in GRP. Asymmetric regional trajectories were identified, such as the "bubble" of economic activity in 2020 in the raw materials regions of the Ural Federal District, followed by a return to the low category, the consistently high positions of the Chelyabinsk Region according to the calculated integral indicators, and the upward trend in the industrial regions of the Ural Federal District. The classification based on the qualitative criterion showed that most of the regions of the Ural Federal District are at the average level. The obtained results justify the need for differentiated state policy regarding the regulation of the economic behavior of the population, aimed at increasing labor productivity and preserving the number of economically active population to ensure sustainable development of the territory. The implementation of the proposed system of indicators of economic behavior effectiveness will increase the validity of management decisions in the field of human capital management in the region and stimulate economic activity among the population, through assessing the dynamics of achieving national sustainable development goals at the regional level.